mAnnoiBOAR]) 


THE  AMERICAN  BOARD 
IN  PICTURE  AND  STORY 


A  US  A  IE  is  one  of  the  2,000  little  islands  i?i  the  Pacific  Oceaji  which  go 
by  the  name  of  Micronesia.  The  A  mericafi  Board  has  worked  hi  this 
remote  part  of  the  world  since  1852.  This  island  was  frequently  visited  by 
the  “hlorningStarf  the  missionary  vessel  which  was  built  by  the  children 
of  the  Congregational  Sunday  schools.  It  is  today  the  seat  of  a  flourishing 
girls’’  school. 


PRICE,  TEN  CENTS 


AMERICAN  BOARD  OF 
COMMISSIONERS  FOR  FOREIGN  MISSIONS 

14  BEACON  STREET,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2019  with  funding  from 
Columbia  University  Libraries 


https://archive.org/details/americanboardinpOOamer 


Z II  L  11  W'  A  R  R  1  O  R  S 


“  The  finest  piece  of  muscle  on  the  face  of  the  earth.” 
Such  was  a  traveler's  way  of  describing  the  Zulus  of 
Natal.  In  contrast  with  many  other  African  tribes,  they 
are  of  sturdy  build,  great  physical  strength,  proud  bear¬ 
ing,  fighting  propensities,  and  unusual  mentality.  One 
hundred  years  ago,  under  their  King  Chaka,  they  con¬ 
quered  nearl}^  all  of  South  Africa.  Chaka  made  soldiers 
of  practically  the  entire  male  population.  Abolishing  the 
long  javelin,  he  required  his  men  to  carry  the  assagai,  or 
short-handled  spear,  which  made  it  necessary  for  them 
to  engage  in  hand-to-hand  conflict.  When  his  battalions, 
armed  with  their  cowhide  shields,  assagais,  and  knob- 
kerries,  charged  the  foe,  no  tribe  could  stand  against 
them.  The  American  Board  was  the  first  society  to  work 
among  the  Zulus,  the  mission  being  established  in  1835. 


[3] 


t;kA\'i-;  oi-  l•lRS■|■  ZL’Lu  c().\vI':kt 


T  lll'l  missionaries  to  the  Zulus  labored  eleven  years 
before  making  a  single  convert.  Then  an  old  blind 
woman  named  Bhulosi  came  one  day  to  Dr.  Adams 
and  said,  “I  choose  God.”  That  was  the  beginning  of 
the  work  which  is  now  known  round  the  world  as  one 
of  the  great  successes  of  foreign  missions.  The  pic¬ 
ture  shows  a  praise  service  which  was  held  at  Bhulosi’s 
grave  in  connection  with  the  seventy-fifth  anniversary 
of  the  mission.  Dr.  Adams’s  grave  appears  also  in  the 
background.  Standing  on  this  historical  spot,  Secretary 
Patton  was  told  by  the  Zulu  pastors  that  from  this 
small  beginning  has  arisen  the  Zulu  church  of  today 
of  over  60,000  members  and  four  times  that  number  of 
adherents,  300,000  Christians  in  all.  Still  there  are 
those  who  ask,  “Do  missions  pay?” 


[4] 


CHRISTIAN  UOME  IN  ZULULAND 


T  HE  Zulus,  in  their  heathen  state,  live  in  curious 
little  round  huts  made  of  wickerwork  and  thatched 
grass,  shaped  like  old-fashioned  beehives.  The  huts  of 
each  family  are  built  in  a  circle,  with  a  cattle  pen  in 
the  center  and  a  stockade  on  the  outside.  Being  polyg¬ 
amists,  each  wife  has  a  separate  hut  for  herself  and 
children.  Each  circle  of  huts  is  called  a  kraal.  The 
men  wear  only  aprons  of  monkey  tails  or  of  leather. 
The  hrst  sign  of  the  Christian  awakening  is  the  desire 
to  wear  clothes.  The  second  sign  is  the  building  of  a 
house  with  rooms  and  furniture.  This  picture  shows 
a  typical  home  of  a  man  just  out  of  heathenism.  One 
of  these  days  he  will  aspire  to  something  finer  than 
this.  From  the  kraals  and  these  homes  over  6,000 
children  are  drawn  every  year  to  our  schools  of  various 
grades.  In  this  way  we  are  making  rapid  inro<uls  upon 
heathenism. 


THE  ZEEUS  SEND  M  I  S  S  I O  X  A  R  1  E  S 
TO  THE  XDAU  TRITl* 


i  HE  Zulu  churches  are  now  all  self-supporting  Xot 
a  dollar  of  American  money  goes  toward  their  up¬ 
keep  or  for  pastors’  salaries.  More  than  this,  they  have 
organized  a  missionary  society  for  the  sending  of  the 
gospel  to  other  tribes.  About  all  they  can  do  in  that 
line  at  present  is  to  furnish  the  workers,  the  Board 
agreeing  to  provide  the  funds.  In  this  way  a  group  of 
well-trained  and  efficient  Zulu  teachers  is  maintained 
in  our  Rhodesia  Mission,  600  miles  to  the  north  among 
the  Ndau  (X-dii-u)  people.  These  Zulu  missionaries 
are  held  in  great  respect  hy  the  natives  of  that  region. 
Our  own  missionaries  regard  them  as  invaluable  assist¬ 
ants.  The  theory  of  the  Board  is  that  Africa,  for  the 
most  part,  must  be  evangelized  b}^  the  nati\e  Christians. 


[61 


MT.  SILIXDA  SCHOOL,  AFRICA 


Imagine  running  a  school  for  boys  with  pineapples 
in  the  front  yard  and  oranges  growing  all  about !  That 
is  the  way  it  is  at  Mt.  Silinda.  This  station  in  Rhodesia 
is  one  of  the  beauty  spots  of  Africa.  The  elevation  is 
sufficiently  high  to  modify  the  tropical  climate,  the  rain¬ 
fall  is  abundant,  and  the  soil  is  rich.  The  British 
Government,  through  Cecil  Rhodes,  presented  the  Board 
with  thousands  of  acres  of  splendid  land,  including  a 
forest  of  mahogany  and  other  rare  trees.  On  this  tract 
are  the  mission  residences,  the  church  and  the  school, 
together  with  the  industrial  and  agricultural  depart¬ 
ments.  Over  twenty-five  different  crops  are  raised  on 
the  farm.  The  pupils  are  gathered  from  a  v/ide  area 
of  Gazaland,  and  even  from  Portuguese  East  Africa. 


[7l 


Till-  IJOCTOK  VISI  TS  A  IITIATIIEX  TIOM  E 


H  UNDREDS  of  thousands  of  Africans  die  every  year 
as  the  result  of  diseases  which  might  be  cured  by  mod¬ 
ern  medical  science.  According  to  the  African  idea, 
diseases  and  accidents  are  the  result  of  witchcraft,  of 
which  they  live  in  constant  dread.  The  witch  doctor 
is  the  evil  genius  of  the  community,  who  often  holds 
the  power  of  life  and  of  death  and  whose  medicines 
and  incantations  are  liable  to  make  things  worse  rather 
than  better.  Imagine,  then,  what  it  means  for  a  Christian 
physician  to  take  up  his  residence  in  an  African  tribe. 
In  the  picture  we  see  Dr.  William  L.  Thompson  visiting 
a  heathen  home  near  Mt.  Silinda  and  ministering  to  a 
stricken  child.  The  more  serious  cases  he  takes  to  the 
hospital  at  the  station,  where,  with  an  American  trained 
nurse  on  the  ground,  the  best  possible  help  is  rendered. 


1 


'['[[K  CllllvORl*:  SCHOOL  on  parade 


About  twenty  miles  from  Mt.  Silinda  is  Chikore, 
where  a  work  of  extraordinary  interest  has  been  ac¬ 
complished.  The  people  were  a  degraded  lot,  prac¬ 
ticing  cannibalism  on  occasions,  and  full  of  revolting 
customs,  when  Rev.  George  A.  Wilder  went  among 
them  to  live  in  1880.  Their  present  conditioa  can  be 
imagined  from  this  picture  of  how  they  welcomed 
Secretary  Patton  on  his  visit  in  1911.  Expecting  to  see 
wild  people  in  semi-nudeness  and  armed  with  vcar  clubs 
and  spears,  he  was  met  by  these  two  lines  of  well- 
dressed  children  from  the  Chikore  School,  headed  by 
Lincoln,  their  native  teacher.  As  Secretary  Patton  rode 
on  horseback  between  the  lines,  the  children  waved 
palm  branches  and  sang  in  English  the  missionary  hymn, 
"From  Greenland’s  Icy  Mountains.” 


[9  I 


IN  A  HEATHEN  VILLAGE,  ANGOLA 


A  NGOLA  is  on  the  western  coast  of  the  continent, 
just  south  of  the  Congo.  This  territory  afYords  one  of 
the  best  fields  for  mission  work  in  all  Africa,  on  ac¬ 
count  of  the  favorable  climate  of  the  interior  high¬ 
lands,  and  the  enterprise  and  intelligence  of  the  natives. 
The  Ovimbundu  tribe,  among  whom  we  work,  were 
formerly  slave  dealers  and  traders.  Their  old-time 
enterprise  is  now  turned  in  better  directions,  especially 
to  agriculture  and  the  industries.  They  are  proving  to 
be  ready  students  of  Christian  civilization,  and  are 
fairly  eager  to  learn  our  arts  and  trades.  This  picture 
of  a  pagan  village  gives  some  idea  of  their  manner  of 
life.  It  indicates  a  relatively  high  stage  for  Africa. 
The  picture  was  taken  during  the  visit  of  a  lady  mission¬ 
ary,  who,  as  will  be  seen,  made  the  journey  on  a 
riding-ox. 

[  10] 


A  CllRlSTIAX  lAVT^IlLY,  ANGOLA 


i  HE  effect  of  Christianity  upon  the  Ovimbundu  is 
discernible  in  the  changed  conditions  of  living,  but  most 
of  all  in  the  faces  of  the  converts.  It  is  amazing  how 
these  people,  who  from  time  immemorial  have  been 
living  in  pagan  degradation,  take  on  the  aspects  of 
Christian  character  and  civilization.  In  less  than  a 
generation  a  pagan  tribe  by  means  of  missionary  help 
can  be  lifted  from  barbarism  to  a  comparatively  high 
level  of  social  attainment.  The  evolution  of  ages  is 
pressed  into  a  few  years.  In  looking  at  a  picture  like 
this  one  is  reminded  of  the  remark  of  Charles  Darwin, 
the  scientist,  who  said,  “The  lesson  of  the  missionary 
is  the  enchanter’s  wand.” 


[II] 


A  .M  I  SSTOX  ARV’S  HO^rE 


**  J3e  it  ever  so  humble,  there’s  no  place  like  home.” 
This  is  true  of  Africa  as  of  other  parts  of  the  world. 
The  pagan  native  loves  his  hut ;  the  Christian  native 
adores  the  little  house  he  builds,  American  fashion,  with 
the  tools  the  missionaries  give  him,  and  the  missionary 
himself  comes  to  feel  a  real  affection  for  his  thatched 
cottage  under  the  palms.  The  home  in  the  picture  is 
that  of  l\Ir.  W.  C.  Bell,  of  Bailundo,  Angola,  and 
represents  the  early  days  of  the  mission,  when  houses 
were  built  of  sun-dried  brick  and  thatched  with  grass. 
The  houses  we  are  erecting  now  are  of  burnt  brick,  with 
tile  roof,  and  are  made  proof  against  white  ants  and 
other  creatures.  The  home,  as  the  highest  product  of 
Christianity,  is  our  best  gift  to  the  non-Christian  peo¬ 
ples.  Hence  the  Board  particularly  welcomes  money 
for  building  houses  for  missionaries.  Such  a  gift  would 
be  a  splendid  memorial  of  a  relative  or  friend. 

[  12  1 


REV.  AXD  ^IRS.  ITEXRY  A.  XEIPP 
ON  AN  EVANGELISTIC  TOUR 
WEST  AFRICA 


The  Board  maintains  six  stations  in  Ang(jla  where 
missionaries  reside  and  where  the  institutional  work  is 
carried  on.  Surrounding  these  are  many  outstations  in 
charge  of  native  pastors  and  teachers.  Beyond  these 
is  the  vast  expanse  of  heathenism.  Into  this  outlying- 
pagan  territory  the  missionaries  make  frequent  tours 
for  the  purposes  of  evangelization.  Preaching  services 
are  usually  held  on  the  outskirts  of  the  villages,  where 
the  people  are  told  the  gospel  story  and  are  urged  to 
send  their  children  to  the  mission  schools.  The  testi¬ 
monies  of  the  Christian  natives  who  accompany  the 
missionary  are  sometimes  more  effective  even  than  the 
words  of  the  missionary  himself.  In  such  ways  the 
gospel  is  spreading  far  and  wide  among  the  Ovimbundu. 
As  they  put  it,  “The  Words  have  come  among  us.’’ 
The  picture  represents  Rev.  and  Mrs.  Henry  .A.  Neipj) 
on  one  of  their  evangelistic  tours. 

[  T3  1 


SCllOOLllOUSK,  WEST  AFRICA 


T HIS  is  not  a  particularly  beautiful  picture,  but  it 
tells  a  great  story.  This  schoolhouse  was  built  by 
Kanjuiidu,  the  well-known  African  chief,  whose  con¬ 
version  attracted  so  much  attention  some  years  ago. 
Cpon  becoming  a  Christian  he  freed  all  his  slaves, 
about  one  hundred  in  number,  and  presented  ecch  one 
with  a  home  and  a  little  piece  of  land.  They  settled 
around  him  like  his  own  children.  Having  seven  wives, 
he  released  six  of  them  and  made  honorable  provision 
for  their  comfort.  He  considered  it  to  1)e  his  duty  to 
bring  his  entire  tribe  to  Christ,  and  as  one  step  in  the 
process  he  built  this  schoolhouse  in  his  own  village.  All 
the  children  were  ref|uired  to  attend  school,  while  old 
and  young  were  urged  to  attend  the  preaching  services. 
This  is  the  first  instance,  so  far  as  we  know,  of  com¬ 
pulsory  education  in  Africa. 

[  T4l 


CARRYING  RUM  INTO  AFRICA 


The  chief  obstacle  to  the  spread  of  Christianity  in 
West  Africa  is  not  idolatry  or  superstition,  but  rum. 
This  picture,  taken  in  Angola,  shows  how  liquor  is 
transported  into  the  interior  from  the  coast  by  means 
of  native  carriers.  It  is  dealt  out  to  the  natives  by 
unscrupulous  Portuguese  traders,  and  is  working  havoc 
among  many  of  the  tribes.  No  people  in  the  world  are 
so  quickly  and  completely  demoralized  by  rum  as  the 
Africans.  In  all  probability  the  rum  represented  in  the 
picture  came  from  Boston,  the  home  of  the  American 
Board.  Boston  has  been  known  to  ship  as  much  as 
I557Ij353  gallons  of  rum  to  the  west  coast  of  Africa 
in  a  single  year.  It  is  a  disgrace  to  our  country  that 
we  are  engaging  in  such  a  traffic.  Eventually  an  interna¬ 
tional  agreement  should  be  drawn  up  looking  to  pro¬ 
hibition  throughout  the  African  colonies. 


EDEX  IX  THE  BALKAXS.  BULGARIA 


The  Balkan  Peninsula,  one  of  the  fairest  sectioiTs  of 
uiir  earth,  in  our  minds  is  associated  mainly  with  national 
hatreds,  wars,  and  massacres.  It  has  been  called  the 
cock-pit  of  Europe.  It  was  in  this  particular  valley, 
shown  in  the  picture,  that  Miss  Ellen  M.  Stone  was 
captured  by  bandits  in  September,  1901,  who  kept  her 
in  captivity  in  the  mountains  of  Bulgaria  until,  more 
than  five  months  after,  she  was  ransomed  by  the  gifts 
of  her  relatives  and  many  American  friends.  The 
Board  maintains  missionaries  not  only  in  Bulgaria,  but 
also  in  Macedonia,  Serbia,  and  Albania.  Throughout 
this  region  the  graduates  of  Robert  College  at  Con¬ 
stantinople  and  of  other  American  institutions  exert 
a  strong  Influence.  There  are  those  who  think  Christian 
education  is  to  be  the  solution  of  the  Balkan  question. 


[16] 


COI.LEGIATK  INSTITUTE,  SAMOKOV 

BULGARIA 


i  HE  only  evangelical  institution  for  the  training  of 
young  men  for  teaching  and  for  Christian  service  in 
Bulgaria  is  the  Collegiate  Institute  at  Samokov.  The 
policy  of  this  school  is  to  confine  its  ministrations  to  a 
carefully  selected  number  of  young  men  who  give 
promise  of  real  leadership  in  community  and  national 
affairs.  It  stands  for  high  scholarship  and  efficiency 
in  Christian  service.  It  has  a  faculty  of  thirteen  and 
its  course  covers  eight  years.  Government  recognition 
enables  the  school  to  draw  its  pupils  from  the  families 
of  the  Orthodox  Church  as  well  as  from  Protestant 
homes.  The  influence  of  this  school  is  felt  throughout 
the  kingdom  of  Bulgaria. 


[17] 


ELIAS  RIGGS 

PIONEER  TRANSLATOR,  TURKEY 


Rev.  ELIAS  RIGGS,  D.D.,  who  went  out  to  Turkey 
ill  1838,  was  instrumental  in  giving  the  Bible  to  four  na¬ 
tions  :  Turkey,  Bulgaria,  Greece,  and  Armenia,  a  record 
scarcely  paralleled  on  the  mission  held.  Lie  stands  at 
the  top  of  the  long  list  of  missionaries  of  the  American 
Board  who  have  devoted  their  lives  to  giving  the  Bible 
and  wholesome  literature  to  non-Christian  people.  Thir¬ 
teen  of  his  descendants  have  been  missionaries  of  the 
American  Board  ;  ten  of  these  are  now  under  appointment. 

[  18] 


ANATOLIA  COLLEGE 
AND  MISSION  BUILDINGS 


A  BEAUTIEUL  situation  in  the  fertile  plain  of  North¬ 
western  Asia  Minor  is  the  site  of  Anatolia  College, 
with  its  theological  training  school,  its  collegiate  de¬ 
partment,  and  its  large  hospital.  In  connection  with  the 
same  institution  is  the  Girls’  School,  which  has  accom¬ 
plished  such  wonderful  things  under  the  leadership  of 
Miss  Charlotte  Willard.  This  group  of  buildings  is 
the  center  of  a  large  and  wide-extending  mission  work, 
reaching  to  the  Black  Sea  on  the  north  and  running 
eastward  into  the  Caucasus  region,  including  a  popula¬ 
tion  of  more  than  a  million  Greeks,  Armenians,  Turks, 
and  Russians.  Anatolia  College  is  in  a  position  to  exert 
a  mighty  influence  in  the  rehabilitation  of  Turkey  in  the 
period  following  the  war.  This  picture  represents  a 
typical  Turkish  mission  station,  with  the  missionary 
residences  and  school  buildings  packed  closely  together 
on  account  of  the  scarcity  of  land. 


YOUXG  TURKS  TX  TH1<: 
GEDIK  PASHA  KIXDERGARTEN 


Teie  Woman’s  Board  of  Missions  conducts  an  excel¬ 
lent  school  for  boys  and  girls  in  the  Stamboiil  district 
of  Constantinople.  The  buildings  occupy  a  command¬ 
ing  site  in  the  very  heart  of  the  ancient  city  and  the 
school  is  known  throughout  Constantinople  for  the 
high  quality  of  its  work.  The  children  are  drawn  from 
Greek,  Armenian,  and  Turkish  homes.  The  remarkable 
thing  is  that  in  the  midst  of  the  war  the  attendance  of 
Turkish  children  has  increased.  Moreover,  these  3mung 
I'urks  come  from  prominent  families,  who  pay  tuition 
fees  gladly.  Tn  this  picture  we  see  a  group  of  Turkish 
children  in  attendance  upon  the  kindergarten  department. 


[  20  ] 


TURKISH  OFFICIAL  AND  DAUGHTER 
AT  A  MISSION  SCHOOL 


N  OT  only  are  the  Moslems  being  attracted  to  our 
educational  institutions  in  increasing  numbers,  even  in 
the  midst  of  war,  but  individually  they  are  becoming- 
interested  in  Christian  truth.  When  religious  toleration 
is  secured  and  Turkey  has  a  stable  government,  there 
is  certain  to  be  a  Christian  movement  among  the  Turks 
of  high  and  low  degree.  The  man  in  the  picture  is  the 
Pasha  of  the  Marash  district.  The  little  girls  are  his 
children,  whom  he  placed  in  the  mission  school  of  the 
Woman’s  Board  of  Missions  of  the  Interior.  When 
he  was  thanked  for  showing  this  conhdence  in  the 
Board  and  its  work,  he  replied  that  the  obligation  was 
on  the  other  side  and  that  he  greatly  appreciated  the 
opportunity  of  educating  his  children  in  an  American 
institution. 

[  21  1 


CESAREA  HOSPITAL,  TURKEY 


A  GREAT  center  of  medical  work  in  Turkey  is  the 
historic  city  of  Cesarea.  This  hospital,  located  in  the 
Talas  suburb,  is  the  only  means  that  over  two  millions 
of  people  have  for  receiving  modern  medical  care.  The 
building  suggests  something  of  the  size  and  strength  of 
the  work.  It  is  an  interesting  fact  that  nearly  all  of 
the  expense  of  this  hospital  and  its  thousands  of  patients 
each  year  is  borne  almost  entirely  by  the  payments 
made  by  the  people.  Yet  no  one  is  turned  away  because 
he  is  unable  to  pay  for  medicine  or  for  treatment.  The 
missionary  houses  at  the  right  and  left  of  the  picture, 
as  you  will  notice,  are  closely  connected  with  the  medical 
institution,  showing  that  the  work  is  a  unit. 


:\riss  jiLLSox  ix  riuxef  work 

AT  B ROUS A 


Ix^  war  times  the  missionaries  in  Turkey  are  largely 
occupied  in  relief  work.  In  the  picture  you  will  see 
Aliss  Jeannie  Jillson,  of  Brousa,  thus  engaged.  It  was 
winter  when  this  snapshot  was  made  and  she  is  shown 
in  the  act  of  dealing  out  charcoal  for  fuel.  The  work 
is  thoroughly  organized  and  is  conducted  on  scientific 
as  well  as  humanitarian  lines.  A  large  proportion  of 
the  relief  money  is  used  in  securing  remunerative  work 
for  the  refugees.  The  amount  of  good  accomplished  by 
the  funds  sent  out  from  America  is  incalculable.  Un¬ 
questionably  the  money  has  saved  the  remnant  of  the 
Armenian  race.  Incidentally,  in  the  eyes  of  the  Turks 
it  has  afforded  an  impressive  demonstration  of  prac¬ 
tical  Christianity.  This  is  a  case  where  monev  talks. 


[  23  I 


(;iVK\G  FOOD  TO  ARAIEXIAX  URPllAXS 


1  HE  survivors  of  the  Armenian  race  are  largely  women 
and  children,  especially  the  latter.  As  the  result  of  the 
massacres  and  deportations,  hundreds  of  thousands  of 
Armenian  orphans  are  left  to  the  care  and  sympathy 
of  the  Christian  people  of  America.  If  these  little 
ones  can  be  kept  from  starvation  and  eventually  given 
a  Christian  education,  a  new  Armenia  with  glorious 
possibilities  will  soon  arise.  N’ot  less  than  50,000  orphans 
are  already  being  cared  for  by  our  missionaries,  as  the 
result  of  American  gifts. 


i  24  1 


INDUSTRIAL  WORK,  OORFA 


OORFA,  situated  in  the  north  of  Mesopotamia,  is  the 
ancient  Edessa  of  the  Persians.  The  modern  city  be¬ 
fore  the  war  had  a  population  of  about  50,000.  Here 
the  Board  for  many  years  carried  on  an  industrial  work 
of  large  proportions  under  the  leadership  of  that  re¬ 
markable  woman,  Corinna  Shattuck.  At  one  time  not 
less  than  2,000  Armenian  women  gained  a  livelihood  in 
Aliss  Shattuck’s  handkerchief  industry.  Bible  lessons 
were  an  integral  part  of  the  enterprise.  The  men  were 
taught  blacksmithing,  forging,  carpentry,  and  agricul¬ 
ture.  During  the  war  Oorfa  has  been  the  scene  of  a 
series  of  tragic  events,  resulting  in  the  practical  wiping 
out  of  the  Armenian  population.  Our  missionary,  Rev. 
Francis  H.  Leslie,  met  his  death  here  in  1915. 


iMOLOGY  CLASS  AT  AlARASii  COLLEGE 


One  institution  which  the  war  has  been  unable  to 
stop  is  the  Girls’  College  at  iMarash,  supported  by  the 
Woman’s  Board  of  Missions  of  the  Interior.  Here  the 
work  has  gone  on  uninterruptedly  and  with  great  suc¬ 
cess.  In  this  college  Armenian  and  Turkish  girls  can 
obtain  a  first-class  modern  education,  fitting  them  for 
teaching  and  for  homemaking.  Miss  Annie  Gordon 
and  her  biology  class  appear  in  the  picture,  which 
suggests  the  kind  of  girls  who  are  drawn  to  this  school, 
and  also  the  quality  of  the  work  which  is  done. 


[26] 


ECONOMY  AND 

DOMESTIC  SCIENCE  COMBINED 


Much  time  is  spent  in  Turkey  in  preparing  food,  the 
same  as  in  all  other  countries,  but  the  vegetables,  for 
the  most  part,  are  different  from  ours  in  America.  The 
picture  represents  pupils  in  one  of  the  mission  boarding- 
schools  preparing  food  for  the  winter’s  supply.  In  all 
of  the  girls’  schools  of  Turkey  the  major  part  of  the 
work  is  done  by  the  girls  themselves.  This  saves  ex¬ 
pense  to  the  school,  and  gives  practical  instruction  to  the 
pupils  in  household  economy.  Much  emphasis  is  put 
upon  this  part  of  girls’  education,  and  many  improve¬ 
ments  are  introduced  thereby  into  the  domestic  customs 
of  the  country. 


[271 


NURSE  AND  INFANT 
AINTAB  HOSPITAL 


Azariah  smith  :\IEM0RIAL  hospital  at 

Aintab  was  one  of  the  hrst  hospitals  built  in  Turkey,  and 
today  stands  as  the  center  of  one  of  the  largest  and  most 
important  medical  works  in  that  country.  Dr.  Fred  D. 
Shepard,  who  for  more  than  thirty  years  was  at  the  head 
of  the  institution,  has  recently  died  of  typhus  fever, 
contracted  from  a  Turkish  patient.  Through  the  nobility 
of  his  character  and  his  rare  skill  as  a  physician,  his 
reputation  spread  far  and  wide.  He  numbered  many 
prominent  Turkish  officials  among  his  patients.  This 
picture  shows  a  little  corner  of  the  hospital,  with  the 
American  nurse  who  is  at  the  head  of  the  Nurses’ 
Department.  Under  her  is  a  staff  of  Armenian  nurses 
in  various  stages  of  training. 


[28] 


FOOTBALL  AT 

CENTRAL  TURKEY  COLLEGE,  ATNTAB 


The  missionaries  have  introduced  American  athletics 
into  all  the  higher  educational  institutions,  including 
football,  which  is  played  with  great  zest.  In  this  way 
healthful  recreation  is  obtained  and  the  boys  have  the 
advantage  of  the  discipline  connected  with  team  work. 
Whatever  can  be  done  to  brighten  up  the  life  of  the 
people  should  be  attempted,  as  Turkey  is  too  much  a 
land  of  sadness  and  despair.  The  view  before  us  is  from 
the  athletic  field  of  Central  Turkey  College  at  Aintab. 


[  29  ] 


RIMMIRATKS  COLLEGE,  HARPOOT 


Sevex  hundred  miles  east  of  Constantinople,  and  in 
a  country  overlooking  one  of  the  most  fertile  plains  in 
Turkey,  along  one  side  of  which  flows  the  River  Eu¬ 
phrates,  is  the  ancient  city  of  Harpoot.  The  most  promi¬ 
nent  structures  in  this  city  are  the  buildings  of  Eu¬ 
phrates  College,  one  of  the  first  colleges  of  the  jVmerican 
Board  established  in  this  land.  It  is  the  only  higher 
educational  institution  of  its  kind  for  five  million  peo¬ 
ple.  The  college,  in  all  departments,  has  about  i,ooo 
pupils.  Its  white  buildings  can  be  seen  across  the 
Euphrates  valley  for  more  than  forty  miles,  and  send 
forth  their  glow  like  a  beacon  light  over  that  dark 
countr3C 


[30] 


A  MISSION  BUNGALOW.  STRUR,  INDIA 


It  looks  attractive,  doesn’t  it?  With  its  brick  walls 
and  tiled  roof,  set  off  with  vines  and  palms  and  potted 
plants — this  missionary  residence  seems  more  than 
habitable.  And  so  it  is ;  and  so  it  should  be.  In  a  cli¬ 
mate  so  trying  as  India’s,  it  is  essential  that  the  mission¬ 
ary  should  have  a  house  that  will  protect  him  from  the 
severity  of  the  heat ;  and  in  a  land  so  appealing  and 
depressing  it  is  necessary,  too,  that  the  Christian  worker 
should  have  a  comfortable  and  refreshing  retreat.  The 
strain  on  life  is  fierce  enough  at  best. 

The  missionary  and  his  wife  are  standing  in  the 
doorway,  typical  of  the  welcome  and  help  they  would 
offer.  The  native  men  on  the  steps  and  lielow  suggest 
the  procession  of  needy  lives  that  file  thither.  The 
missionary’s  house  is  not  so  much  his  castle  as  it  is  his 
workshop,  his  base  of  operations. 

[  31  ] 


Till-:  CHURCH  AT  AHMEDXAGAR 


Great  was  the  rejoicing  when  this  new  church  was 
finished  and  opened  for  service  in  the  city  of  Ahmed- 
nagar,  in  Western  India,  where  is  one  of  the  American 
Board’s  largest  and  most  developed  mission  stations. 
IMuch  thought  was  put  into  the  planning  of  the  church 
to  preserve  Oriental  forms  and  symbols  in  this  Christian 
sanctuary.  So  it  is  mainly  flat-roofed  and  has  a  noble 
dome  as  its  chief  characteristic.  In  its  decoration  the 
lotus  flower  was  worked  into  windows  and  church 
furnishings,  as  appealing  to  Hindu  religious  thought. 

The  Sunday  school  of  this  church  numbers  over  i,ooo, 
as  does  also  the  Young  People’s  Society  of  Christian 
Endeavor.  The  building  is  a  great  center  of  activity. 

[32] 


OUR  CO-WORKERS,  INDIA 


Here  are  Pastor  Modak  and  his  wife  (left)  and  the 
assistant  pastor  and  wife  (right)  of  the  Ahmednagar 
church  as  they  were  in  1914.  Pastor  Modak  has  since 
died.  He  was  a  remarkable  man — of  highest  caste 
(Brahman),  well-educated,  bred  to  the  law,  and  a  very 
successful  advocate;  who  was  also  so  sincere,  earnest, 
and  influential  a  Christian  that  when  the  church  lost 
their  pastor,  they  fairly  compelled  this  fellow-member 
and  layman  to  take  the  vacant  post. 

Indian  pastors  wear  the  turban  and  other  parts  of 
the  dress  of  their  people,  usually  adding  as  official  robe 
a  black  coat.  The  pastors’  wives  are  usually  graduates 
of  the  mission  schools  and  are  true  helpmeets  to  their 
husbands. 


[33] 


NATIVE  CHRISTIAN  WORKERS,  INDIA 


As  parents  cherish  their  children,  so  the  foreign  mis¬ 
sionary  cherishes  the  native  Christians  of  whom  he  has 
had  the  training  and  who  go  forth  from  his  hand  to 
places  of  service  in  the  church  and  community.  Often 
such  a  disciple  becomes  more  effective  than  his  teacher 
in  preaching  or  teaching,  knowing  as  he  does  by  inheri¬ 
tance  the  mind  and  heart  of  his  countrymen.  And  the 
hope  of  the  evangelization  of  the  non-Christian  lands 
is,  of  course,  not  the  missionary,  save  at  second  hand ; 
it  is  the  native  Christian  man  and  woman  who  become 
witnesses  to  their  own  people. 

Here  are  Dr.  and  Mrs.  R.  A.  Hume  (in  center),  stir- 
rounded  by  some  of  those  whom  they  have  trained  at 
Ahmednagar  (Dr.  Hume  in  the  Theological  Seminary 
and  Mrs.  Hume  in  the  Bible-Woman’s  School),  and 
with  whom  they  are  now  associated  in  the  work. 

[  34] 


RAHURI  GIRLS’  SCHOOL,  INDIA 


OUT-OF-DOOR  breakfasts  are  not  unknown  in  Amer¬ 
ica —  in  summer  time.  And  in  Rahuri  it’s  always  sum¬ 
mer  time  —  or  so  it  seems  to  Americans.  In  this  com¬ 
modious  and  comfortable  fashion  sit  the  150  members 
of  the  Girls’  Boarding  School  at  Rahuri,  in  the  Marathi 
Mission,  eating  their  ten  o’clock  breakfast.  In  India, 
because  of  the  heat,  the  missionaries  get  an  early  start 
on  the  day  and  do  much  of  their  outside  work  before 
breakfast  and  before  the  sun  gets  high. 

These  mission  boarding  schools  are  power  houses 
where  is  generated  the  force  that  is  to  carry  Christian 
ideas  into  Indian  life.  Imagine  what  so  many  girls, 
taught,  inspired,  disciplined,  with  minds  awake  and  with 
natures  freed  from  enslaving  superstition,  will  do  for 
the  homes  and  the  hearts  they  are  to  shape  in  after 
years. 


A  POXY  CART,  INDIA 


i  JIIS  is  not  an  ice  cart;  not  even  a  nice  cart.  But  it 
is  a  high-grade  conveyance  for  India.  In  these  jutkas, 
or  pony  carts,  missionaries  ride  many  long  miles  in  their 
touring  over  their  fields.  For  off  the  lines  of  the  rail¬ 
road,  and  if  one  does  not  have  a  motor  car  or  motor 
cycle,  it  is  about  the  best  vehicle  obtainable.  It  is  not 
speedy;  three  miles  an  hour  is  its  maximum.  With 
its  lack  of  seats,  its  low  top,  and  its  single  pair  of 
wheels,  it  leaves  something  to  be  desired  for  comfort. 
But  having  a  double  cover  to  shield  from  the  sun,  and 
being  open  at  both  ends  to  give  chance  to  every  breath 
of  air,  it  is  after  all  adapted  to  its  locality,  and  affords 
a  welcome  shelter,  often  by  night  as  well  as  by  day,  to 
the  touring  missionary. 


I  36] 


CHURCH  AT  PASUMALAI,  INDIA 


A  CHURCH  is  far  more  than  its  building.  Yet  a 
good  building  is  a  great  asset  to  a  church.  Nowhere 
is  this  more  evident  than  on  mission  ground,  where  in¬ 
stitutions  are  apt  to  be  rated  pretty  much  according  to 
their  appearance.  It  has  been  thought  sometimes  that 
a  wrong  impression  was  likely  to  be  got  by  those  con¬ 
nected  with  mission  stations  as  they  compare  the 
buildings  of  colleges  and  hospitals  with  the  houses  of 
worship. 

There  is  no  danger  of  this  sort  at  Pastimalai,  the 
American  Board’s  educational  center  three  miles  from 
the  city  of  Madura,  where  is  located  a  High  and  Train¬ 
ing  School  with  over  600  young  men  as  students  and  a 
Theological  Seminary  with  fifty  under  instruction,  who 
make  up  the  larger  part  of  the  congregation  that  fills 
this  spacious  and  impressive  church. 

[.37l 


nOYS  AT  WORK,  INDIA 


Man  UAL  training  has  won  for  itself  a  recognized 
place  in  modern  education.  High  schools  are  recogniz¬ 
ing  that  not  all  their  pupils  are  qualified  for  a  merely 
intellectual  course  of  study;  courses  and  even  allied 
schools  are  being  devised  to  meet  this  need. 

Some  mission  fields,  particularly  India,  have  peculiar 
need  of  a  training  that  includes  work  for  the  hands  and 
exalts  the  dignity  of  labor.  For  the  East  Indian  is  ac¬ 
customed  to  think  that  if  he  has  any  education  he  is 
above  manual  labor.  To  counteract  this  sense  of  work 
as  degrading,  as  well  as  to  equip  needy  boys  and  girls 
to  earn  a  livelihood  and  to  provide  a  practical  education 
for  those  whose  bent  is  away  from  books,  the  American 
Board’s  missions  in  India  have  developed  industrial  de¬ 
partments  in  connection  with  their  schools.  The  picture 
shows  a  carpenter  shop  in  one  of  the  Madura  Mission 
schools.  Note  how  interested  the  boys  are  in  their  work. 


[38] 


HOSPITAL  AT  MADURA,  INDIA 


“  Grateful  patients”  put  up  this  imposing  building; 
or,  at  least,  if  the  patients  did  not  do  it  themselves,  their 
friends  and  countrymen  did.  It  was  in  recognition  of 
the  devoted  and  skillful  work  of  Dr.  Frank  Van  Allen 
in  the  city  of  Madura  that,  among  others,  certain  rich 
Indian  bankers,  whose  families  or  acquaintances  had 
benefited  from  his  care,  were  moved  to  provide  him 
with  funds  for  erecting  this  modern  hospital  of  light 
dressed  stone,  spick  and  span,  a  House  of  Mercy  indeed 
for  the  poor  sufferers  that  flock  to  it. 

It  is  said  not  a  small  proportion  of  the  42,000  rupees 
( or  $14,000)  that  it  cost  was  voted  from  the  treasury  of 
Hindu  temples.  About  20,000  patients  a  year  come  to 
this  hospital  from  300  to  400  villages.  Fronting  one  of 
the  broad  city  streets,  with  the  new  Woman’s  Hospital 
just  across  the  way,  it  is  a  witness  to  the  healing  spirit 
of  Christianity. 


[39I 


VILLAGE  SCTTOOL  CHILDREN,  CEYLON 


Think  what  it  means  that  the  Ceylon  ^Mission  has  in 
its  hand  the  training  of  ii,ooo  school  children  in  that 
northern  end  of  the  island  known  as  the  Jaffna  Penin¬ 
sula!  What  an  opportunity  to  impress  the  life  of  the 
next  generation  of  its  people!  And  with  the  help  of 
government  grants  these  village  schools  are  made 
almost  self-supporting.  If  only  the  simple  and  inex¬ 
pensive  school  buildings  can  be  maintained,  this  vastly 
important  field  of  work  is  assured. 

The  ten  pupils  in  the  picture  represent  ten  different 
grades  in  the  schools.  Different  castes  also  are  observ¬ 
able.  The  one  seated  at  the  extreme  left  is  a  low  caste 
boy;  the  one  in  white  standing  back  of  him  holds  a 
palm-leaf  book.  From  these  common  schools  the 
brighter  students  go  on  to  higher  training  schools  and 
to  Jaffna  College,  to  become  educated  and  efficient 
pastors  and  leaders  of  their  people. 

[  40  ] 


PASTOR  SANDERS  AT  WORK,  CEYLON 


A  RATHER  cranky  looking  vessel,  one  would  think, 
for  water  less  smooth  than  that  in  the  picture.  But 
these  islanders  are  very  expert  in  the  handling  of  a 
boat ;  and  their  simple  costume  helps. 

The  churches  of  Ceylon  not  only  for  the  most  part 
support  their  own  government  institutions  and  pay 
their  own  pastors’  salaries,  but  they  have  organized 
two  missionary  societies,  one  for  work  on  the  coast  of 
India  and  the  other  for  home  mission  work  in  the  out¬ 
lying  islands  near  the  mainland. 

Every  Sunday  graduates  from  Jaffna  College  go  to 
this  home  for  Christian  work.  The  picture  represents 
such  a  graduate  under  Professor  Sanders,  who  is  a 
professor  in  the  college  at  Jaffna,  but  who  gives  his 
Sundays  to  this  missionary  work  for  his  fellow-country¬ 
men. 

You  can’t  call  them  “Rice  Christians.” 

[41] 


SURGICAL  WARD,  CEYLOX  IIOSPITAI. 


TllIXIv  of  a  hospital  with  one  foreign  doctor,  one 
native  assistant,  one  foreign  nurse,  liesides  native  dis¬ 
pensers,  nurses,  matron,  etc.,  that  has  in  one  year  2,400 
inpatients,  4,800  dispensary  patients,  10,000  dispensary 
visits,  500  maternity  cases,  with  390  visits  to  villages 
and  77  office  consultations  !  Yet  that  is  the  record  of  the 
McLeod  Hospital  for  Women  and  Children  at  Inuvil. 
Ceylon,  under  the  care  of  a  modest  little  lady,  Dr. 
Isaliella  Curr.  The  picture  shows  one  of  the  wards  of 
this  1)usy  hospital. 

The  chance  which  a  hospital  affords  for  Christian 
work  among  a  non-Christian  people  is  immeasurable. 
Its  very  conduct  is  a  testimony  and  an  object  lesson; 
its  spirit  exerts  an  influence  unconsciously.  /\nd  long 
days  of  sickness  and  coin-alescencc  give  opportunit\- 
for  (piiet  talks  and  for  the  message  of  Christian  wor 
sliip  that  cannot  but  make  impression. 

[  42  ] 


G  o  I N  c;  o  CHURCH,  chin  a 


It  is  a  long  step  from  the  typical  Chinese  woman,  of 
the  bound  feet  and  the  fettered  mind,  to  this  group  of 
girls,  students  in  the  Foochow  Girls’  College.  They 
may  look  more  like  young  men  in  their  native  dress 
of  coat  and  trousers,  but  they  are  girls  nevertheless, 
bright-eyed,  eager,  responsive;  on  their  way  to  church, 
as  they  were  caught  in  this  snapshot,  and  on  their  way, 
we  may  hope,  to  make  Christian  women  of  power  and 
leadership,  in  home  and  church  and  community. 

This  girls’  school,  called  a  college,  supported  by  the 
Woman’s  Board  of  Missions  of  the  Interior,  is  steadily 
raising  its  standards ;  it  has  increased  its  plant  and 
added  to  its  equipment.  Enlarged  dormitories,  an  as 
sembly  hall,  a  gymnasium,  are  in  view.  Best  of  all,  the 
religious  life  is  kept  warm  and  pervasive.  It  is  a  factor 
that  counts  in  the  Christianizing  of  new  China. 

r  1 


I'oociiow  coll]<:g]-:,  cjiixa 


U  XE  of  the  great  missions  of  the  American  Board  in 
China  has  its  main  station  at  Foochow,  an  ancient  and 
powerful  walled  city  of  nearly  a  million  inhabitants, 
sixty  miles  up  the  Min  River,  in  the  province  of 
Fiihkien. 

The  mission  compound  is  in  the  heart  of  this 
throbbing  city.  Here  are  crowded  a  score  or  more  of 
buildings,  only  a  part  of  which  are  shown  in  the  picture. 
In  the  foreground  are  some  of  the  Foochow  College 
buildings.  This  institution  has  become  a  high-grade 
middle  or  preparatory  school  of  nearly  400  students, 
which  fits  into  a  chain  of  institutions  from  kinder¬ 
garten  up  to  the  new  Union  Christian  University,  with 
its  fine  college  and  its  professional  schools.  This  mis¬ 
sion  compound  is  a  hive  of  industry  whose  influence 
reaches  out  into  all  the  ways  of  life  of  this  provincial 
capital.  And  its  influence  is  greater  every  year. 

r  44  1 


(iVMXASI  h'OOCHOW,  CHINA 


W  HEN  it  comes  to  outdoor  amusements,  the  Chinese 
idea  is  to  fly  kites  or  to  walk  out  carrying  a  bird  in  a 
cage ;  that  is  physical  exercise. 

Young  China,  however,  takes  to  gymnastics,  games, 
and  outdoor  sports,  as  well  as  to  other  Western  notions. 
These  straight  and  snappy  lines  of  young  men  are 
students  in  Foochow  College,  drawn  up  before  their 
outdoor  gymnasium.  The  climate  makes  possible  open 
sides,  and  only  a  roof  to  keep  off  the  rain. 

Here  are  being  waked  up,  disciplined,  and  educated 
future  preachers  and  teachers  for  this  part  of  China; 
officials,  too,  and  business  and  professional  men,  leaders 
in  one  department  and  another  of  the  new  China  so 
fast  developing.  And  on  them  all,  from  these  college 
associations  and  influences,  is  being  put  the  impress  of 
Christian  ideals. 


[45] 


CHIXKSE  COOLIES 
STARTING  FOR  FRANCE 
WITH  DR.  COOPER 


Dr.  JAMES  F.  COOPER,  who  is  in  charge  of  these 
3,003  Chinese  coolies,  is  the  hgure  in  dark  citizen’s 
clothes  in  the  center  of  the  front  row  of  ten  men.  lie  is 
one  of  the  American  Board’s  missionar}’  physicians  at 
Foochow,  given  leave  of  absence  during  the  war  that 
he  may  accompany  this  battalion  of  the  thousands  of 
Chinese  whom  the  British  government  has  secured  to 
go  to  France  for  labor  behind  the  lighting  line.  Dr. 
Cooper  is  to  be  in  charge  of  a  base  hospital  for  these 
strangers  in  a  strange  land  and  is  to  be  in  every  way 
possilile  their  friend  and  helper;  a  real  piece  of  mis¬ 
sionary  work  for  the  times. 

The  picture  was  taken  at  Wei  Hai  Wei,  the  British 
base  in  China,  just  before  the  party  sailed  on  their 
long  journey,  which  was  safely  accomplished.  Dr. 
Cooper,  who,  by  the  way,  is  of  English  parentage,  re¬ 
ceived  a  commission  as  Lieutenant  in  the  Medical  Corps 
from  the  British  Ambassador.  Lie  took  with  hun  one 
graduate  nurse  and  four  Chinese  student  nurses  who 
had  been  under  his  training  in  Foocliow. 


[46] 


WJ- ALTliY  SCHOOLGIRLS,  CANTON 


INOT  only  the  poor  and  the  outcast  are  being  reached 
on  mission  fields.  iMore  and  more  access  is  being  had 
to  the  people  of  standing  and  influence,  to  the  more 
educated  and  well-to-do.  Particularly  in  China  has 
approach  been  made  to  the  gentry  and  official  classes, 
as  well  as  to  the  student  world  and  to  some  of  the 
literati 

In  Canton,  Mrs.  Nelson’s  tact  and  enthusiasm  have 
not  only  established  a  girls’  school  which  has  already 
won  large  and  secure  place  for  itself  in  that  huge  city, 
but  have  so  impressed  some  of  the  wealthy  Chinese 
there,  that  they  are  sending  to  it  their  daughters, 
properly  attended  by  servants,  who  guard  them  through 
the  city  streets  and  wait  upon  them  in  the  school.  This 
picture  shows  a  few  of  these  girls  and  their  attendants 
welcomed  by  Mrs.  Nelson  at  the  doorway  of  the  mis¬ 
sionary  home. 

[  47  1 


ra  Y 


liLIXL)  CHILDREN  IN  HONGKONG 


Sore  eyes  are  a  commonplace  of  childhood  in  China; 
and  blind  eyes  are  the  affliction  of  a  frightfully  large 
percentage  of  each  new  generation.  Dirt,  unsanitar}- 
homes,  ignorance  of  any  proper  care  of  the  eyes  and 
their  troubles,  are  responsible  for  the  spread  of  those 
diseases  which  produce  blindness,  and  which  doom  to 
misery  their  victims.  Eor  the  Chinese,  left  to  them¬ 
selves,  do  nothing  al)OUt  it.  They  neither  seek  to  pre¬ 
vent  nor  to  cure  the  trouble ;  nor  do  they  relieve  the 
lot  of  the  blind  or  help  them  make  the  best  of  their 
misfortune.  Blind  girls  in  Canton  are  systematically 
bred  to  a  life  of  shame.  Tt  has  already  made  a  great 
impression  upon  the  Chinese  that  the  Christian  mission¬ 
ary  at  once  took  note  of  the  despised  little  ones,  and 
that  Christian  homes  have  been  established  in  man}' 
places  in  which  they  are  received  and  where  they  are 
educated.  The  picture  shows  one  of  such  asylums. 

[481 


DR.  AND  MRS.  D.  Z.  SHEFFIELD 
NORTH  CHINA 


It  is  interesting  to  see  what  sort  of  people  are  doing 
this  missionary  work.  Here  are  two  veterans  of  the 
North  China  Mission — Dr.  and  Mrs.  D.  Z.  Sheffield, 
who  began  their  missionary  career  in  Peking  in  1869. 
Dr.  Sheffield  died  in  1913,  but  his  wife  is  still  in  active 
service.  Dr.  Sheffield  was  a  tireless  worker  in  the  field 
of  literature ;  his  text-books,  translations,  treatises, 
numbered  many  volumes,  while  his  expert  knowledge 
of  Mandarin  enabled  him  to  render  special  service  in 
Bible  revision. 

In  the  picture  will  be  noticed  some  superb  specimens 
of  Chinese  bric-a-brac,  witness  both  to  Dr.  Sheffield’s 
knowledge  of  China’s  art  and  to  the  generous  gifts  of 
Chinese  pupils  and  friends.  After  his  death  his  rare 
collection  was  sold  and  the  proceeds  used  for  a  me¬ 
morial  in  mission  equipment. 

[  49  1 


WOMAN’S  COLLIlGI-:  in  north  CniXA 


The  central  l)uilciing  in  this  group  has  been  till  re¬ 
cently  the  home  both  of  the  Woman’s  Union  College 
of  Peking  and  of  the  Bridgman  Acadeni}'.  The  college, 
which  is  maintained  jointly  by  the  Woman’s  Board  of 
Alissions  of  the  Interior,  the  Presbyterian  Missioi 
Board,  and  the  London  ^Missionary  Society,  in  1917 
moved  into  what  was  a  ducal  residence  in  iManchu  days, 
but  has  now  Ijeen  transformed  into  a  spacious  and 
convenient  group  of  college  buildings.  It  is  tlie  only 
institution  of  college  grade  for  women  in  North  China, 
and  one  of  two  in  the  entire  country.  It  is  admirably 
placed  and  has  won  the  confidence  and  regard  of  lead¬ 
ing  Chinese  at  the  capital. 

Bridgman  /\cademy,  which  now  occupies  the  building 
shown  in  the  picture,  was  one  of  the  first  girls’  schools 
to  be  established  in  Peking,  and  commemorates  the 
name  of  one  of  the  Board’s  earliest  missionaries  there. 
It  has  over  a  hundred  pupils  in  its  enrollment,  which 
means,  for  one  thing,  a  connection  with  so  many  as¬ 
piring  Chinese  homes. 

[50] 


A  PHVSTCTAN  APPEARS 


iN  America  there  is  one  doctor  for  every  577  of  the 
population ;  in  mission  lands  there  is  but  one  for  every 
2,500,000.  Naturally  when  .the  doctor  appears  he  gathers 
a  crowd.  Mission  hospitals  and  dispensaries  are  in 
many  cases  thronged  with  sufferers  and  their  friends. 
Even  in  comparatively  small  cities,  and  with  hut  few 
and  slightly  trained  helpers  and  a  very  modest  outfit, 
a  missionary  surgeon  will  perform  in  a  year  operations 
which,  in  number  and  in  character,  are  almost  unbe¬ 
lievable  to  his  brother-surgeon,  who  works  in  some 
well-equipped  American  hospital. 

And  when  the  missionary  doctor  in  China  goes  a-tour- 
ing,  visits  outlying  villages  or  market  towns  in  his 
district,  his  fame  goes  before  him,  and  the  local  repre¬ 
sentatives  of  the  400,000,000  of  China  are  on  hand  to 
receive  him,  as  in  the  picture  they  are  waiting  for  Dr. 
Tucker,  of  the  big  hospital  in  Techow.  The  man  with 
the  hat  at  the  left  (who,  by  the  way,  is  on  horseback) 
is  the  evangelistic  missionary,  who  has  come  along  to 
help  and  to  take  advantage  of  the  opportunity. 


DR.  I  NORA  AT,  OF  XORTII  CHINA,  AND 
TRAINED  ASSISTANTS 


The  “trained  assistants"  in  tliis  picture  do  not  seem 
to  be  rendering  much  assistance.  Probably  the  ex¬ 
citement  of  having  their  picture  taken  was  too  diverting. 
But  their  presence  emphasizes  a  prime  concern  of  medi¬ 
cal  missions,  in  China  as  in  all  lands  where  they  are 
operating,  viz.,  the  raising  up  of  trained  and  cpialified 
natives  of  the  country  to  take  over  the  work  which  the 
mission  introduces.  The  new  and  high-grade  medical 
colleges  being  established  l)y  the  China  Medical  Board, 
one  of  which  is  at  Peking,  where  Dr.  Ingram  is  located, 
are  full  of  promise  to  this  end. 

Dr.  Ingram  has  become  intensely  interested  in  the 
problem  of  the  insane,  for  whom  nothing  is  being  done 
in  China,  and  is  devoting  himself  to  a  campaign  for  a 
model  insane  asylum. 

[52] 


UOSlllSllA  COLLEGE,  JAPAN 


At  the  meeting  of  the  American  Board  at  Rutland, 
Vt.,  in  1874,  a-  Christian  Japanese  by  the  name  of  Joseph 
Neesima  pleaded  for  the  establishment  in  his  country  of 
a  Christian  university.  With  trembling  voice  and 
streaming  eyes,  he  refused  to  take  his  seat  until  his 
appeal  was  answered.  Finally,  William  E.  Dodge  arose, 
and  pledged  $1,000  to  get  the  enterprise  started.  Others 
followed  in  quick  succession  until  Neesima’s  day  dream 
had  become  a  reality.  Such  was  the  beginning  of  the 
famous  Doshisha.  It  stands  today  in  the  ancient  capital 
city  of  Japan — Kyoto — one  of  the  best  equipped  and 
widest  known  Christian  institutions  of  the  East.  Only 
three  of  its  many  buildings  appear  in  the  picture.  The 
President  is  Re\'.  Tasuku  Harada,  D.D.,  and  the  stu¬ 
dents  number  about  1,000.  Doshisha  means  “The  One 
Endeavor.” 


[53I 


KOBE  BIBLE-WOM  AX’S 
EVAXGELTSTIC  SCHOOL 


J.T  has  been  found  impossible  to  elevate  society  in  the 
Eastern  countries  without  educating  the  women  as  well 
as  the  men.  This  need  in  Japan  is  being  met  in  part  by 
Kobe  College,  which  is  supported  by  the  Woman’s  Board 
of  Missions  of  the  Interior.  In  connection  with  this 
excellent  institution  is  a  Bible-Womaii’s  Evangelistic 
School,  whose  graduates  have  gone  out  as  assistants 
to  Japanese  pastors  and  as  independent  special  workers 
among  their  Japanese  sisters.  Many  of  the  women  who 
take  this  course  are  widows  and  often  they  have  been 
themselves  wives  of  pastors.  The  school  is  situated  in 
the  flourishing  city  of  Kobe,  and  has  a  name  and  influ¬ 
ence  extending  well  over  the  empire. 


[  54] 


MRS.  LICARNED’S  KTNDERGA  R1' EX 

KYOTO 


Everybody  loves  a  kindergarten,  and  certainly 
this  one  at  Kyoto,  Japan,  should  come  in  for  a  large 
share  in  our  affections.  The  Japanese  children,  with 
their  attractive  faces,  their  quaint  clothing,  and  their 
cute  ways^  are  an  unending  delight  to  travelers.  Mrs. 
Learned’s  school  at  Kyoto,  however,  cares  little  for  the 
romantic  and  picturesque  and  goes  in  for  character 
building  and  a  sound  basis  of  education  for  every  little 
tot  coming  within  its  doors.  The  American  Board  had 
the  honor  of  introducing  kindergarten  schools  into 
Japan.  The  movement  was  taken  up  by  the  government, 
and  today  they  are  perhaps  the  most  popular  institutions 
in  the  country. 


OKAYAMA  ORPliAXAGE,  JAPAN 


u  XE  of  the  most  impressive  features  of  Christianity, 
and  one  which  appeals  with  tremendous  emphasis 
to  noii-Christiaii  people,  is  its  humanitarian  work.  It  is 
when  Christianity  reaches  out  to  the  helpless  and  to 
the  forsaken  and  lifts  them  up  and  gives  them  practical 
help  that  it  makes  its  strongest  appeal.  The  Okayama 
Orphanage,  which  has  received  recognition '*from  the 
Emperor  and  from  the  whole  official  class,  has  had  as 
many  as  2,000  hoys  under  its  care.  The}^  receive 
sound  Christian  training,  and  also  learn  self-supporting 
industries.  The  Orj-yhanage  constitutes  a  village  in 
itself  within  the  A’illage  of  Okayama,  and  is  known 
throughout  the  borders  of  Japan. 


[56! 


GL’ADALAJARA  CHURCH.  MEXICO 


UxTlL  a  few  years  ago  the  Roman  Catholic  Church 
had  absolute  sway  over  Mexico.  Dissatisfied  with  these 
conditions,  the  government  disavowed  the  church, 
from  which  time  there  has  been  religious  liberty 
throughout  the  young  republic.  Notwithstanding  all  the 
revolution  and  bloodshed,  there  has  been  no  thought  of 
returning  to  the  old  regime.  The  American  Board 
missions  were  established  first  in  Guadalajara  the 
second  largest  city  in  the  country,  and  often  referred 
to  as  the  Athens  of  jMexico.  In  the  heart  of  that  city 
there  stands  a  symbol  and  eml)lem  of  freedom  of 
conscience  and  religious  liberty,  a  Christian  church. 
It  is  the  center  of  the  evangelistic  Protestant  work  for 
all  that  region.  Close  hy  is  a  training  school  where 
young  men  receive  their  education  for  the  gospel  min¬ 
istry,  besides  a  Girls’  School  with  over  200  pupils. 


[5/1 


X  t)  R.\i  A I.  C(->i.i.i£c;i^  i-()k  c;iKi.s,  .\ii':x!c() 


M  I'^XICO  has  presented  from  the  l)eginning  an  iinusnal 
held  for  the  educated  woman,  especially  since  the 
declaration  of  religious  liberty  and  the  establishment 
of  a  school  system  by  the  government.  It  was  an.  easy 
thing  to  establish  a  system  of  education,  but  a  more 
difficult  thing  to  secure  efficient  teachers.  Recognizing 
th.is  situation,  the  American  missionaries  organi/ed  girls’ 
schools  in  various  cities.  At  Chihuahua  was  established 
the  ^Mission  Xormal  Training  School  for  Girls,  sup¬ 
ported  by  the  \\Aman’s  Hoard.  Its  graduates  are  in 
great  demand,  not  only  for  the  Christian  schools,  but 
for  government  schools  as  well.  In  this  institution  the 
hand  is  trained  as  well  as  the  head,  and  of  course  no 
school  in  Mexico  would  he  complete  that  did  not  teach 
embroidery  and  allied  needle  work. 


1  5«^  1 


A  iJAGOBO  WARRIOR,  PHILIPPINES 


The  island  of  Mindanao  in  the  Philippines  is  the 
second  largest  of  the  group,  and  except  for  the  western 
peninsula,  it  is  the  exclusive  field  of  the  American 
Board.  The  population  is  about  700,000.  Many  of  the 
people  are  “raw  heatlien,”  like  the  specimen  before  yon, 
who  participated  in  human  sacrifice  not  thirty  miles 
from  onr  station  at  Davao.  This  is  the  newest  mission 
of  the  Board,  having  been  established  in  tqo2. 


A  CORNIER  TX  TIII^:  HOSPITAL 
DAVAO,  ^riXDAXAO 


AT  present  we  have  two  stations  in  Aliiulanao;  Davao 
in  the  south  and  Cagayan  in  the  north.  The  Board 
plans  to  extend  this  work  until  the  leading  coast  towns 
are  occupied  and  work  is  also  nndertaken  for  the  wild 
tribes  of  the  interior.  Davao  is  oiir  pioneer  station, 
and  we  find  a  flourishing  work  centering  in  that  city, 
including  a  hospital,  a  chapel,  and  two  mission  resi¬ 
dences.  The  medical  work,  which  is  conducted  in  a 
highly  creditable  way,  from  the  first  has  been  supported 
by  a  group  of  httsiness  men  in  X^ew  York.  An  Ameri¬ 
can  doctor  and  nurse  are  in  charge. 


f6ol 


T  H  K  S  L’  L  r  A  N  A  A  X  D  1 1  R  MAIDS 


1  PTE  population  of  Mindanao  is  a  strange  mixture, 
being  part  Roman  Catholic,  part  heathen,  and  part 
Mohammedan.  Although  the  Moros  are  Moslems  of  the 
fanatical  brand,  they  consider  themselves  loyal  Ameri¬ 
cans.  They  constitute  the  most  difficult  missionary 
problem  of  the  Philippines.  The  pagan  tribes,  some 
twenty-five  in  number,  are  wide-open  to  the  gospel, 
do  a  large  extent  the  Catholics  have  broken  with  Rome 
and  are  eager  for  Protestant  instruction.  Altogether 
Mindanao,  our  only  mission  under  the  flag,  offers  one 
of  the  finest  opportunities  confronting  the  American 
Board  in  any  part  of  the  world. 


[6i  ] 


N 


THE  AMERICAN  ROARD  S^'ORY 
IN  FIGURES 


Exclusive  Responsibility  of  the  Board  75,000,000  soid> 

^Missionaries 

665 

XTitive  Workers 

4<^77 

Missions 

19 

Stations 

106 

Outstations 

1,461 

Churches 

701 

Communicants 

Adherents 

188,621 

Colleges 

18 

Theological  Seminaries 

14 

Lower  Schools 

^,5^7 

Pupils 

85,197 

Native  Contributions  last  year 

$571,809 

Receipts  of  the  Board  (  including 

Woman’s 

Boards ) 

$1,207,126.54 

\VOULD  Y^OU  LIKE  TO  BECOYIE 
A  PARTNER? 

Write  to  any  officer  of  the  Board  and  he  \\  ill  tell 
you  how.  Address,  The  American  Board,  14  Beacon 
Street,  Boston,  Mass. 


[C2I 


.1 


Thomas  Todd  Co.,  Printers 


